2.3 The Little River
WARMING UP !
You must have been for a family/ class picnic to
a riverside picnic spot.
(नदीकिनारी असलेल्या एखाद्या सहलीच्या ठिकाणी तुम्ही तुमच्या कौटुंबिक किंवा वर्ग सहलीकरिता गेला असाल.)
(1) What did you notice on the banks of the river?
(नदीच्या किनाऱ्यावर तुम्ही कोणत्या गोष्टी पाहिल्या? )
Ans. On the banks of the river we noticed trees, birds, some domestic animals, river-sands and children bathing near the bank. Some women were washing clothes.
2) In which season did you go? Was the river flow gushing or gentle? (तुम्ही कोणत्या ऋतूत गेला होतात? नदीचा प्रवाह उसळता होता की संथ होता ?)
Ans. We went to the picnic spot in the rainy season. The river flow was gushing in those days.
3) Did you notice other people by the river? What were they doing?(तुम्ही नदीच्या कडेला आणखी काही लोक पाहिलेत का?ते काय करीत होते?)
Ans. Yes, there were some picnickers and other people. Some were enjoying the picnic, some were swimming in the river.
4) What should we do to make sure that rivers do not get polluted?
( नदया प्रदूषित होणार नाहीत याची खात्री करून घेण्याकरिता आपण काय केले पाहिजे ? )
Ans. We should not allow people to wash their clothes and utensils in the river. We should ban throwing household and industrial wastes in the river.
(1) (A) Fill up the table of seasons in India.
| Time of the year | Season | English Name |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Mid February to Mid April | Vasant | Spring |
| 2. Mid April to Mid June | Grishma | Summer |
| 3. Mid June to Mid August | Varsha | Rainy season |
| 4. Mid August to Mid October | Sharad | Autumn |
| 5. Mid October to Mid December | Hemant | Pre-winter |
| 6. Mid December to Mid February | Shishir | Winter |
B) Match the weather with the seasons.
(1) Winter – cold
(2) Monsoon – rainy
(3)Spring – pleasant
(4) Pre-Winter – windy
(5) Summer – hot
(6) Autumn – cool
2. (A) Poets make the poems musical and different from prose by using
many poetic devices.
many poetic devices.
One of them is using words that begin with the same sound in the
same time.
same time.
For example :
* beautiful birds
* sad song
* stepping stone
* city site
* No one know
This device is called Alliteration (अनुप्रास अलंकार) and belongs to set of similar devices, named Figures of Speech. Figures of Speech add to the beauty of a poem. Now write five pairs of words that begin with the same sound.
* ants antena * tall tree
* high hills * my mother
* We went
(B) Poets also make use of words that resemble a sound. (The words
are for example : bang, swish, beep, roar, tweet etc.)
are for example : bang, swish, beep, roar, tweet etc.)
Such words are called Onomatopoetic words. If they occur in some
line of a poem, the Figure of Speech in that line is called Onomatopoeia.
line of a poem, the Figure of Speech in that line is called Onomatopoeia.
3. Play a game
Set a time limit of 5 minutes. Using letters from the word ONOMATOPOEIA
make as many four/five/six letter words and write them down. The one
who makes maximum number of words, within the time limit is the winner.
make as many four/five/six letter words and write them down. The one
who makes maximum number of words, within the time limit is the winner.
1.onion
2.potato
3.poet
4.tomato
6.poem
7.patient
8.note
9.open
10.appoint
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शब्दार्थ :
meanders (मिॲन्डर्झ ) – flows with twists and turns वळणे घेत जाते.
slime (स्लाइम् ) – thick slippery substance चिकट पदार्थ, चिखल.
kash (काश्)-tall grass with white feathery flowers; पांढरी फुले असणारे उंच गवत.
gamchhas (गमछाझ् ) – thin cotton towels, पातळ सुती पंचे.
wade (वेइड्) – walk in a
source of water
where it is not deep, जास्त खोल नाही अशा पाणी, चिखल यांतून चालत जाणे.
source of water
where it is not deep, जास्त खोल नाही अशा पाणी, चिखल यांतून चालत जाणे.
washcloths (वॉश् क्लॉथ्स्) – small cloth for washing face; चेहरा पुसण्यासाठी वापरण्यात येणारा कपडा.
scour (स्काउअर्) – rub something clean, scrub; घासूनपुसून स्वच्छ करणे.
in spate (इन् स्पेइट्) -a sudden
flood in a river, नदीला आलेला अचानक पूर, जोरदार प्रवाह.
flood in a river, नदीला आलेला अचानक पूर, जोरदार प्रवाह.
rife (राइफ्) – full of; भरून राहिलेला.
babbling (बॅब्लिंग्) – talking rapidly; खळबळ करीत.
torrent (टॉरन्ट्) – rapid flow of water; जोरदार प्रवाह.
stir to life (स्टीअर टु लाइफ् ) – become alive with sound and movement; चैतन्य येणे, उत्साह संचारणे.
———————————————————————-
ENGLISH WORKSHOP
1. (A) Name the following from the poem.
1) Two trees : mango , palms
2) Two animals : cows , jackals
3) Two seasons : summer , rainy
4) Two non-English words : gamchha , Ashadh
5) Two different timings of the day : dusk , dawn
(B) Pick from the poem words that describe sounds.
1) Chirping 2) howl
3) babbling 4) swirl
(C) Pick out words that describe the flow of the river-water.
1) meanders 2) in spate
3) current grows 4) muddy torrent
2. (A) Find out five lines from the poem that contain the Figure of Speech –
Alliteration. Underline the initial sound of words, repeated in each of
the lines.
Alliteration. Underline the initial sound of words, repeated in each of
the lines.
1) And cows and carts can cross it with ease.
2) No sign of slime, the sands shine bright.
3) Girls and boys bathe close to the bank.
4) At dusk and dawn, once their bath is done.
5) They dip washcloths to trap small fish.
(B) Pick out 4 lines that contain the Figure of Speech ‘Onomatopoeia’.
1) Chirping mynahs through that site.
2) The jackal’s howl is heard there at night.
3) The air is rife with babbling sounds.
4) As the muddy torrent swirls along.
3. Rearrange the words in Alphabetical order.
(1) summer, sign, slime, sand, shade, stir, scour, sound, swirl, strong
Ans. sand, scour, shade, sign, slime, sound, stir, strong, summer, swirl.
(2) banks, blossom, boys, bathe, babbling
Ans. babbling, banks, bathe, blossom, boys.
(3) these, though, too, throng, there, their, they, trap, torrent
Ans. their, there, these, they, though, throng, too, torrent, trap.